Intermediate-sill reenforcement



April 6 1926.

J. P. GALLAGHER INTERMEDIATE SILL REENFORCEMENT Filed May 16, 1924 mmvron Jazm 1? 'allqgher- BY @4 2/ fromzvsl Patented Apr. 6, 1926. it

UNITED; STATES PATENTJYOFFICB JOHN P. GALLAGHER, on JERSEY CITi NEW JERSEY,.ASSIGNOR T MAGOR eARcon PORATION, on NEW YORK, Y:,

A: GOR-PORATIQN or! DELAWARE.

INTERMEDIATE-SILL REEnFoncEMENT.

' of Jersey City, in the county of II'udson' and State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Inter ined-iate-Sill' Reenfo'rcementsof which the cent-er and other sills formed following is a specification. v

The invention relates ingeneral to-in1-' proved form of car center sill. construction for use inconnection with; freight; passenger and other forms of cars when formed of metal, and/ou woodg and the invention specifically relates to a inetallic'reenforcement for car underfra' nes which have their Wholly or in part of wood.

This application constitutes adevelopncnt of the disclosure in my copending ap plications for combined draft arm and centersill reenfcrcem'enh Serial No. 595,461, filed- October 18, 191-2, and center'sillreenforcement, Serial No. 698,738 filed, VM-arch 12",. 1924-, and the presentdisclosureis to be regarded as another embodiment of the in V ventive' features di'sclosediand claimed in these two pending applications.

In the latter of the abeve identified ap plications it was pointed-out that the" old wooden underframe' construction did not have sufficient structural strength to meet modern service" requirements; such as' the requirements of the Master Car Builders that the steel: car sills have at least square inches sectional area. It has been suggested to reenforce the wooden underi'rame of: the old ears-and iii-the aboveapplications-it was suggested to insert a pressing at each end-of thecar to armour. the center sills andWhich. pressing includes outstanding flanges whichf lap thebolsters and provide both gusset, plates "and diagonal strain transmit-ting braces. It Wasindicate-d that these pressings at each end of the ear might be connected by a mid-section or the reenfc cement might extend'asone or more pieces fronr end to end of the car to provide-a steel back-bone tothewoodenunderframe;

It was alsosuggested in the laterfiled Application filed Ma it,

forced.

of'obstructions' 1924. seriaiN-o. 713,679.

application that, the required reenter-cement be formed in part by' the intermediate and other sills, wooden or'otlierwise, already inv the car underframe structure tobe reen- In the specificembodiment selected for illustration in this pending"application the reenforcement at the car end was shown to bef'a pressing fitted between the cent-rsills and. provided with outstanding fiangesrsecured. to the intermediate sills so that'the intermediate sills at least where they crossed the bolster, would enforcement.

The problem of'properly reenforcing these .wooden underirai'nes economically is cemplicalted by the necessity of avoiding" the formationio f bulky parts to any re /enforcing structure and the necessity of avoiding other structural.parts whichare already located on or adjacent the underframe and disposed in accordance with standard practice. How;

become part of the reever,. it it generallfyf true that the inter-media,

ate wooden sills between the-bolsters are free closure may beregarded as a carrying for vard of the idea expressed in the preceding applications and features the utilizationef the cross-cc tion of m'aterial'inthe wooden intermed ate sills-to make up part of the cross section of material. required to. meet present service conditions.

Accordingly the present dis The primaryobject of the present. inventihn isto provide asimple'form of supplemental reenforcing underi'rame structure for strengthening'and' reeniorcing the sills both: center and intern'iediate, .betweenthe bolsters so-ethat-in addition to the'steel baek-bone.

previouslyfeatured there will be provided an cuter sillreeniiorcement secured and connected' tothe end ireentorcements so as to form steel skeleton frame which together with the parts reenfor ced will provide a eated reenforcement whichj will "distribute strainsreeelvedat'elther end of'tlie car out wardly to the adjacent bolsters, and either therethrough or independently thereof, to both the intermediate and other outer sills as well as the center sills, all of which are reenforc-ed to thereby receive and distribute these strains. Differently expressed the invention contemplates the utilization of the outer sills when reenforced between the bolsters as part of the necessary structural strength of the car underframe.

Various other objects and advantages of the invention will be in part obvious from an inspection of the accompanying drawings and in part will be more fully set forth in the following particular description of one form of mechanism embodying my invention, and the invention also consists in certain new and novel features of construction and combination of parts hereinafter set forth and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings Figure 1 is a plan view of a wooden car underframe equipped with a preferred embodiment of the invention and with parts at the center of the car broken away to save space; and

Figure 2. is a transverse sectional view taken just in rear of the bolsters and taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 looking in the direction indicated by the arrow.

In the following description and in the claims, parts will be indentified by specific names for convenience of expression but they are intended to be as generic in their application to similar parts as the art will permit.

In the drawings there is shown a wooden car underframe formed of longitudinally extending members, comprising a pair of tran versely spaced apart wooden center sills 10 and 11, side sills 12 and 13, and intermediate sills 1a and 15 and trans ersely extending members including end sills 16 and bolsters 17. There is also cisclosed certain other structural features such as bulfer blocks 18.

It is understood that this showing is intended to represent conventional structures and to disclose a type of wooden underframe which is to be reenforced by the metallic construction particularly forming the subject-matter of this application.

In the form herein illustrated the. center sill recnforcement comprises three major and two minor unit-s formed of metal plate pressings. Of the major pressings there is intended to be used two end members each extending from one of the end sills past the adjacent bolster and a connecting member disposed between the end members and fastened ateach end to the end members by means of tie plates which constitute the two minor units and are preferably pressings.

Referring to either of the end members, 21, there is illustrated a single metal plate pressing having alength sufiicient to extend from the end sill to the bolster and preferably across the bolster for a distance equal to or less than the distance from the bolster to the end sill. The pressing is of a length to extend towards the center of the car from the bolster a distance approximately more than one-half of the distance between end sill and bolster. The central portion of the pressing is bent longitudinally into a channel 22, inverted U-shaped in cross-section and of a size to fit between the inner faces of the center sills and acting to form a thrust beam at the adjacent end of the car underframe. This beam includes a pair of vertically disposed webs M, a topflange 25 and outstanding bottom flanges 26 which pro ject integrally from the lower edges of each of the webs 2e and coact therewith to pro vide right angle seats for the wooden center sills 10 and 11.

The flanges 26 are extended on each side beyond the outer faces of the adjacent center sills to provide horizontally disposed plates. Each plate is of maximum width along the bolster and extends practically to the adjacent sill 142 or 15. The plate coacts with the. adjacent upstanding web 24 to form an angle pressing which in addition to providing a seat for the wooden sill will func tion as a diagonal strain transmitting brace to distribute shocks received at the center of the end sill and to convey the same to the portions of the bolster to the outside of the center sills.

The general effect of the construction as thus far described-will be to effect a transference and distribution of shocks at the center ofthe end sill in direct lines to the central portion of the bolster and along outwardly divergent lines to the portions of the bolster outside of the center sill construction lhe portion of the flanges which extend horizontally beyond the center sills are fastened to the bolster by means of rivets 29 and in this way there is provided a plate which functions as the usual asset plate be tween the center sill construction and bolster.

The central unit- 30 connecting the end pressings 21 resembles the end pressings in outline and dimension, once it that it is nct provided with the gusset plate forming extensions. This part of the construction is simply a one-piece channel shaped member, preferably a pressing, inverted ll-shaped in cross section and provided with outstanding flanges 31. However, this part as well as the end pressings 21 may obviously be formed of two Z members riveted together. The ends of the central pressing are secured to the adjacent end pressings by means of tie plates 32 which extend acrossthe oints be tween the units and are fastened by rivets 33. In the present disclosure this tie plate corresponds in cross section to the central member, except that it is of correspondingly llO smallersize so 'as'to fit 'in thevtrouglror; channels of the members to which they are; attached. e

In the latter of the twoprev-ious applica-i tions the reenforcing pressings disclosed-in the first application was continued laterally so astor include the portions of the intermediate sillsl and at the bolsters as partsof the adjacent pressing and thusadd the cross-section ofmaterial in the intermediate sills at the bols'terto make up the necessary cross-section of material iii-such structures required by the-Master Car Build-V ers. This was attained by securing the gusset plate forming flanges ofthe pressing.

to the intermediate sills i-n some approved 7 way, several methods of attachmentbeing provided with a Z-shaped reenforcing mem- "out i 31, coacts with the intermediate sill re-l her 33. Illhis member includes an upstanding flange 34 fitted against the inner face of its associated sill and secured thereto by horizontal bolts 35. The member also, includes a horizontalflange 36 which engages the underside of the sill. f f

In order to provide additional cross-see. tional area of material, to brace the member vertically and to lower the center of mass of the same, thehorizontal flange 36 is providedat its outer edge with a depending rib or flange'37 which extends. as far as desired below the sills and preferably flush with the outer side faces of the same; As the pressings 21 are secured to the bolsters 17 and th e intermediate sills are secured to the bolsters it is not necessary to secure the. reenforcements 33 directly'tothe pressing- However, this" may be done following con-. ventional practicein securing metal parts and it is herein suggested that an angle 38. be positioned above the, bolster and be secured by rivets 39 to the flange 26 and by horizontal bolts 40 which pass through the angle, through the fiange3 l and through the adjacent sill. 1 I r As the strains received from the adjacent. central portion of the end sills are directed through the diagonal braces to the; portions,

of the intermediate sills at thebolsters thereis no particular necessity. of reenforci-ng thef portion of the intermediate sills-between the bolster and itsadjacent end sill; and'thereQ fore the Zshaped reenforcing platey33' is shown to extend only from bolster to bolster-f and preferably overlaps both bolstersp The end pressings, either with or without. the ntermediate center sill reenforcement end, of the 031 cnforcemen-ts 33, to provide an underframe j reenforcementwhich acts to receive and to ly and outwardly towards the intermediate sills and therethroughtowards the opposite transfer centrally. imposed strains diagonali A certain proportion of these strains are transferred. laterally through the bolsters towards the side sills 12 and 13 ,and it s suggested that these side sills be reenforced between bolsters by Z1'eenforci'11g.shapes. 4:1

secured thereto by bolts 42 as has: beensuggested in the case of theintermedia-te sill. V

. In the preceding application it was sug gested to corrugate the horizontal extending plates forming the reenforcements in order to obtain the: maximum resistance to, bend-1, ing with the use of the least possible amount of material; 7 In this disclosureit issug gested that the-corrugations 43 be, depresmd so as to extend downwardly and in this way lower, the center ofimass ofeach otthe hori zontally extending 1 plates and thus tend,

p'articularlyin the case ,oftlie top flange 25,

to lower the line of thrust throughthe U- beam between the sills towards the central horizontal plane of. the wooden center sills.

By means of'a reenforcing construction such as is. herein disclosed [it is possible to provide the fold wooden car underframe with sufiicient, :tross-section of reenforcement to meet modern requirements and at thesame time to attainnthis result while featuring economy in the amount of metal used and economy in the cost of constructingjthe reenforcement as well asthe cost of, installing the samein place;

It; is simplynecessary to; stamp the different reenforcements; to the desired dimensions to fit any'particular set of carimder: frames, bolt the] same in position through bolt holes many of which are already in the structure to be reenforced and the others of which can be easily formed. 1

Certain of the wooden or composite structural. parts [which have heretofore been 7' ignored in; estimating the strength of the center sill construction are now brought into. thefiguring of the strength of the under. frame... Theseveral portions of theold underframe at the bolsters, at the draft lugs and at the center of the underframe as well as the associated parts are: tied together so as to mutually reenforce' and brace each other and thus form a ruggedpart wood and part metalunderframe which meets modernrequirements of structural. strengthf not-only at the bolster but also at any place along e e g 1 0f llnderfranie bet-ween. the bolsters; 7

xHaving thus; described my ,inyention,- ].v

claim:w..; 4 .1. In a carnndertrame, the combination of apair of 'centensills, a-pair of; intermediatesills -a pair of side sills, and end sill and a bolster, of a reenforcement comprising a structural unit having a central part fitted between the center sills to reenforce the same, having outstanding flanges constituting gusset plates on each side of the center sill, overlapping the bolster, and extending longitudinally therefrom to the end sill to form strain braces, means for tying the gusset plates to the vertical sides of the intermediate sills whereby the unit acts as a spacing member for securing the intermediate sills in fixed. relation to the center sills and whereby both the center and intermediate sills are united and mutually reenforced and metallic means secured by said tying means and engaging the intermediate sills t'rom said bolster towards the center of the car for reenforcing the intermediate sills.

2. In a device of the class described, the combination with a car underframe, complete per se, and including a pair of wooden center sills and a pair of intermediate sills,

said sills collectively having a sectional area of material of a strength less than that equal to thirty square inches of metal, of a structural metal unit constituting a reenter-cement secured to both of the pair of center sills and extending along the center sills between bolsters and secured to the pair of intermediate sills, said metal reentoreement having a sectional area less than thirty square inches and coacting with the sills to provide a sectional area at least equal to thirty square inches of the metal.

3. In acar underframe, the combination with a center sill, other sills on opposite sides of the same and a bolster, of a single structural unit .secured to the bolster and provided with means "for tying the sills in their preset relative position and provided with parts for reen'torcing the center sills and withcther parts for reenforcing the other sills.

4. In a car underframe, the combination with a pair of cent-er sills, a pair of intermediate sills cooperatively associated to form a car under-frame and a pair of bolsters, of structural units at each end of the underlrame provided with means fitting between and reenlorcing the center sills and other means engaging the intermediate sills and extending between the bolsters for reentorcing the central portion of the underlrame between the end units.

In a device of the class described, the combination with a car underframe complete per se and including wooden center sills and other sills, which collectively have a sectional area of material less than a prescribedstrength of sectional area, of a metal reentorcement for both the center sills and said other sills, said metalreenforcement including members engaging said other sills at the center of the car and having a sectional area of material sufficient to supplement said wooden center and other sills and coacting therewith to provide the prescribed strength 01"- sectional area.

6. In a car under-frame, the combination of a pair of wooden sills and a pair of outer sills to be reenforced, end sills and bolsters, of a fabricated metallic reentorcement including similar end units, each constituting a combined brace, center sill reentorcement and gusset plate structure, a central unit constituting a center sill reenforcement and connected at opposite ends to the end units, and means for reentorcing the outer sills, said last named means secured at opposite ends to the end units.

7. A fabricated car under-frame reenforcement formed or" live major units comprising two similar end units, each constituting a combined brace, gusset plate and center sill reentorcementfor the part of the center sills adjacent the contiguous bolster, a connecting central unit constituting a reent'orcement for the central part of the center sills and.

a pair of outer members extending between the bolsters constituting outer sill reenforcements for the portions of the outer sills between the bolsters.

8. A. car undert'rame reenforcement including four major units, two of the units at opposite ends of the reentorcement being similar in shape and each provided with outstanding flanges constituting combined strain transmitting braces and gusset plates and the other two units secured at opposite ends to the gusset plate forming flanges and constituting outer sill reenforcements.

9. In a car undertrame, the combination with a bolster, its adjacent end sill, a center sill and an outer sill, of a reenforcement for the portion of the center sill between the end sill and the bolster and including a horizontally disposed gusset plate projecting laterally from the center sill and reenforcing members for the outer sill extending from the gusset plate towards the center of the.

car.

10. A reenforcement for a car under-f 'ame comprising a pair of gusset plates provided with means for securing the same to the center sill and a connecting member secured at opposite ends to the gusset plates in laterally spaced relation to the center sills.

11. In a car underframe, the combination of wooden center sills, wooden outer sills, means at each end of the car for reenttorcing the center sills from an end sill across the adjacent bolster and means, for reentoi-cing the outer sills between the bolsters.

12in a car underframe, a metal reent'orcement including a central channel shaped portion with an outstanding flange, the web of the channel shaped portion and said gauge provided with depending corrugaions.

in which the corrugations depend from the l 5 plane of the-plate. v

14. A metallic re'enforcement for car underframes including a eorrugated platc structure in which the corrugations extend downwardlywfrom the plate thereby to lower the center of mass of -the plate.

Signed at New York city, in the county of New York. and State of New York, this 15th day of May, A. 1111924 JOHNIP. 

